Translation memory, commonly referred to as ‘TM’, is a database that stores previously translated text. Most commonly used in conjunction with computer aided translation (CAT) tools, such as Trados or DejàVu, it is utilised during the translation process to help with new similar translation content.

Nowadays, a vast amount of translators and translation agencies use CAT tools and TMs as part of their daily work. Translation agencies are able to develop client-specific translation memories in order to produce consistent and cost-effective translations, even when different individual translators are used.

A translation memory consists of text segments (paragraphs or sentences, but not single words) in a source language and their translations into one or more target languages. Together, these pairs of segments form so-called translation units.

Although TMs can be employed in a variety of translation scenarios, they are at their most beneficial when used with highly repetitive texts. They are also particularly helpful when translating newer versions of previously translated documents. In this situation only new content would need to be translated as the TM will identify previously translated content. This can represent a considerable time and cost saving as well as aiding in the production of consistent translations.

Translation memories are extremely advantageous in numerous ways:

Consistency

TMs help to ensure consistency through the presentation of previously translated content. This is particularly important if a number of translators work for the same client or on the same project over time.

Efficiency

TMs allow translators to speed up the translation process. When applicable data is in a translation memory, the translator is presented with previously translated segments, so they do not need to be translated again. Translation memories also identify partial content matches.

Cost

TMs help to reduce the cost of long-term translation projects, or regular translation of similar content. Once content has been translated, repeat content need never be translated again – even if it is in a different document at a different time with a different translator.

Translation memories may not be suitable for text of a non-repetitive nature. Although in principle they can be used as an aid to any type of translation, in some cases their use should be avoided. It is possible that in some circumstances use of translation memory could turn a translation into a mechanical process, damaging the style, flow and creativity of a text.

This article only scratches the surface on the benefits, pitfalls and application of translation memory. However, it is an extremely powerful tool that delivers tangible benefits to the client, translator and translation agency. To discover how translation memory can benefit your organisation or to find out more about translation services, get in touch with Sure Languages at www.sure-languages.com.

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By: Sure Languages

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Translista

As we are all aware the translation industry is awash with translation tools such as Spell checkers, translation memories and automated glossaries. But is the feasibility of machine translation a reality in this day and age? By explaining the doubts and limitations of machine translation I hope to clarify to clarify some of the preconceived notions that the general public may have about the field and aid them in deciding on Machine translation or a translation services company.

The notion of computer translation is not new. In fact shortly after World War II the American Government had already began investing considerable resources in the field without the slightest doubt that the concept was not a reality.

Some common terms in this field indicate the some of the difficulties that those pioneers of machine translation were to encounter, for example the difference between machine translation (MT) which is the translation of text by a machine and Computer Aided translation (CAT) which is the translation of texts by a translator with the aid of translation tools. Under Machine translation there are three types of system namely Batch, Interactive, and Interlingual Approaches. A Batch method has coded rules to “decide” on the best translation. There is no need for a translator.

With an Interactive system the translator is present and decides on the translation options provided by the translation system. With an Interlingual approach the source translation is translated to an intermediate language that is used to translate back and forth between the source and target languages.

CAT and MT software these days use either the Batch or interlingual approach.

With MT translation most texts tend to have a 70% accuracy e.g Google translate. Most experts now concede that 100% accuracy is not possible. Three terms that crop up are Fully Automatic High Quality Translation which is in my view is impossible to achieve, Fully Automatic Low Quality Translation and Partly Automatic Medium Quality Translation. The percentage accuracy claims of Machine translation is open to debate as there is no universal standard to measure this and accuracy claims tend to be very subjective.

When to use Machine Translation or Translation Services companies

There are five important criteria when choosing whether to use machine translation or translation Service companies

1. Subject matter. Here the computer can have an immense advantage especially in regard to technical texts. In the case of a field like Life sciences where the vocabulary is very specific and comprehensive, the Machine Translation system can have a terminology Database built up over years which is impossible for a Translation Service company to compete with. Of course the quality depends on the amount of work and quality of the work put into the Machine translation’s dictionary.

2. Speed.  Speed is an area where the computer reigns supreme considering that the average translator translates at a rate of 2,500 words per day.

3. Level of accuracy. We already discussed the levels of accuracy. If a text is solely for information then a fully automated translation is feasible but if we need 100% accurate translation the amount of time spent post-editing the MT system can often outweigh the benefits of using this system.

4. Consistency of vocabulary. Again the computer is excellent when it comes to consistency. One centralized MT system ensures consistency as opposed to a Translation vendor outsourcing a large job or different jobs over time to different translators. It is often the case that no two translators translate a sentence in the same way. Of course, the success of the MT depends on the preprogramming done beforehand.

5. Cost.  Bearing in mind that the computer can tick all the right boxes for speed, consistency, level of accuracy and subject matter one has to bear in mind that successful Machine translation systems require substantial investment to populate them with high quality and a high volume of content which, of course, has to be passed onto to the client of a Translation Services company

It’s pretty evident from the above points that the computer can yield impressive results but what we must realize is that current MT systems will not give 100% accurate translations. If this level of accuracy is required it’s always best to hire the services of a translation company.



By: Mark Kieran

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Translista